Empowering Youth: Guidelines for Involving Young People in Suicide Research

Understanding the Importance of Youth Involvement in Suicide Research

Globally, suicide remains the fourth leading cause of death among young people (YP) aged 15-29 years old, according to the World Health Organization (2022). This tragic statistic underscores the urgency to develop effective, evidence-based interventions. The involvement of young people with lived experience in the planning, implementation, and delivery of research is increasingly recognized as essential. However, challenges persist in integrating their voices into the research process on such a sensitive topic.

The Need for Guidelines

Despite the evident benefits of including young people in suicide research, fears surrounding their participation often present barriers. Concerns include the potential for causing distress or exacerbating suicidal thoughts, as highlighted by previous studies (Wadman et al., 2019; Lakeman & Fitzgerald, 2009). Nonetheless, the argument made by experts, such as Michail (2024), asserts that only through meaningful involvement can genuine progress be achieved in suicide prevention research.

There is currently a notable lack of tailored guidelines for involving young people in this area, even as frameworks exist for other mental health research fields (Bailey et al., 2020; McCabe et al., 2022). This gap indicates an urgent need for bottom-up, community-driven guidance, shaped by the voices of young people themselves and other relevant stakeholders.

Delphi Method: A Effective Approach

To address this gap, Webb et al. (2024) conducted a comprehensive Delphi study aimed at creating guidelines specifically for involving young people with lived experiences of suicide in research. The Delphi consensus method brought together two panels: one of youth who have experienced suicidal thoughts or attempts and another of professional researchers.

A systematic literature review and semi-structured interviews with youths and researchers laid the groundwork for developing the initial questionnaire. These interviews, which incorporated input from youth advisors, sought to capture the multifaceted experiences of young people participating in suicide research.

Results and Findings

In total, 467 items were rated during the Delphi process, resulting in a final set of 231 guideline items. The research demonstrated strong agreement between the panels in both rounds, with statistically significant results (first round correlation: r = .83; second round correlation: r = .65). The guidelines encompass four critical components: preparation, supporting safety and well-being, evaluating involvement, and providing practical tips for young participants.

Why This Matters: Youth Voices in Research

Incorporating young people's perspectives in suicide research is vital not only for the accuracy of findings but also for fostering a sense of belonging and ownership among the youth. Their contributions can illuminate unique insights into the factors influencing suicidal behavior, which standardized research methods might overlook.

Moreover, these involvement guidelines are intended to cultivate a safe environment, mitigating the risks previously associated with youth participation while maximizing their contributions. It's crucial that young people know their voices are valued, which can empower them and enhance their mental health awareness. This stands to break down mental health stigma and cultivate resilience within communities.

Future Directions in Suicide Research

The establishment of these guidelines sets a precedent for future research endeavors. As researchers integrate these principles, they should remain vigilant about the evolving needs of young people. Ongoing evaluation and open discussions will be vital in adapting the guidelines to be more inclusive and effective.

Furthermore, there is a pressing need for public mental health services to embrace these guidelines, ensuring that young people receive the support they need to navigate complex issues surrounding mental health. Support from community-based mental health care initiatives is essential, aligning with broader national mental health policies that advocate for inclusive practices dated from 2023–2030.

Call to Action

As parents, educators, and community members, it's vital to support the inclusion of young people with lived experiences in research and advocacy. Engage in local mental health programs, advocate for compassionate mental health policies, and foster open discussions about mental wellness in your communities. Let's ensure our youth feel heard and valued, paving the way for effective suicide prevention initiatives that resonate deeply with their experiences.